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Retaining Wall Calculator

Blocks, base gravel and drainage for a retaining wall.

Retaining Wall Calculator
length height
ft
ft
in
in
%

Retaining walls fail from water, not from weight. The block count is the easy part; the compacted base and the drainage stone behind the wall are what keep it standing.

How this is calculated

  1. Courses = wall height ÷ block height. Blocks per course = wall length ÷ block length.
  2. The base trench is typically 12 inches wide and 6 inches deep, compacted, with the first course buried.
  3. Allow a foot of clean drainage stone behind the full height of the wall, with a perforated pipe at the base.

Frequently asked questions

How high can I build without an engineer?

Four feet is the common limit in US residential code before an engineered design is required. Check locally: some jurisdictions set it at three.

Do I need geogrid?

Generally above three to four feet, or wherever there is a surcharge load such as a driveway or slope above the wall.

Related calculators

Concrete Block CalculatorCMU block counts for a wall, plus mortar and fill.Gravel CalculatorCubic yards and tons of gravel, sand or topsoil.